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| DORAEMON |
Japanese animation began in the early 20th century, when Japanese film makers experimented with the animation techniques also pioneered in France, Germany, the United States and Russia.The earliest Japanese animation is Katsudo Sashin, an undated and private work by an unknown creator.In 1917, the first professional and publicly displayed works began to appear.
By the 1930s animation was established in Japan as an alternative format to the live-action industry. It suffered competition from foreign producers and many animators.By 1940, numerous anime artists' organizations had risen, including the Shin Mangaha Shudan and Shin Nippon Mangaka.The first feature-length animated film was Momotaro's Devine Sea Warrior directed by Seo in 1944 with sponsorship by the Imperial Japanese Navy. In the 1960s, manga artist and animator Osamu Tezuka adapted and simplified many Disney animation techniques to reduce costs and to limit the number of frames in productions. He intended this as a temporary measure to allow him to produce material on a tight schedule with inexperienced animation staff.Three Tales, aired in 1960, was the first anime shown on television. The first anime television series was Otogi Manga Calendar, aired from 1961 to 1964. Following a few successful adaptations of anime in overseas markets in the 1980s, anime gained increased acceptance in those markets in the 1990s and even more at the turn of the 21st century.
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